I am not sure about that last Post but I will cover it later.
Any subsequent Helpers should take note here, please.
The bottom line here, is that you have your Debian "on a stick"
not on a stick, but rather, on an SD card - a card that can go into a card reader, into perhaps cell phones or cameras. Is that so, my young friend?
The Ubuntu is actually on a legitimate USB stick, and it interacts fine with your new computer, and can also show Debian on its Grub Menu, and so boot into Debian that way.
Sadly, my knowledge on SD cards, currently, is limited to use with phones and cameras, not with Linux. I may change that, in time
You created the two "media" ( USB stick and SD Card) two different ways.
The Ubuntu stick was set up to recognise UEFI, which is on your computer -
has to be because of Windows 10.
Windows 10 already has its own ESP - EFI System Partition - in place for Windows, yours is on /dev/sda1 and is 260MB in size. Mine is something around 500MB, set by Dell or Windows.
This can also be used to allow for both Ubuntu and Debian being installed, they can share with Windows.
The
Debian SD card was set up as MBR (MS-DOS, Legacy, call it what you will).
Debian WILL work from it, but only under the conditions you have already experienced, through Ubuntu.
Further, even if you could get it up and working, with its own Grub Menu, that Menu would only show Ubuntu and Debian, it will not show Windows to boot into, because it will not recognise the Windows UEFI-based ESP.
The best way for it to work would be if you had 2 identical USB sticks, one with Ubuntu, one with Debian, installed under UEFI conditions, and sharing Windows' ESP.
BETTER though is -
Thanks - that last line is the one I was hoping to see.
Peer said:
↑
/ dev / sda3 221G 69G 153G 32% / media / debian / Windows
... you could easily spare 50 to 100, even as much as 125 GB of what is currently occupied by Windows and is empty, to put both Debian and Ubuntu on.
I know you had some issues with Debian to fix, was it sound or wifi?
How did that go.
Think about all of the above, because I do not have a better option.
Cheers
Chris